Key points about an AC joint sprain
- An AC joint sprain involves damage to the ligaments at the top of the shoulder where the collarbone meets the shoulder blade.
- It is often caused by falls or direct impact to the shoulder.
- Pain and a visible bump at the top of the shoulder are the most common symptoms.
- Treatment depends on severity, ranging from rest to surgery.
- Most people recover fully with proper treatment and rehab.
Common related conditions
AC joint sprain causes
- Direct impact to the shoulder (e.g., from a fall or tackle)
- Falling onto an outstretched arm
- Repetitive overhead activity or lifting
- Sports injuries and high-impact trauma
AC joint sprain risk factors
- Playing contact or collision sports
- Participating in cycling, skating or extreme sports
- You have poor shoulder conditioning or a previous shoulder injury
- You have repetitive stress from overhead motion
AC joint sprain symptoms
- Shoulder pain, especially at the top
- Swelling or bruising near the AC joint
- A noticeable bump or “step-off” at the joint
- Pain when lifting, reaching, or crossing the arm over the chest
- Weakness or reduced range of motion
AC joint sprain diagnosis
- A physical exam to assess tenderness, swelling and joint movement
- X-rays to evaluate joint separation or clavicle alignment
- MRI if soft tissue or ligament damage is suspected
AC joint sprain treatment
- Rest, ice and over-the-counter pain relievers
- Wearing a sling or shoulder brace for support during healing
- Physical therapy to restore strength and motion
- Surgery, which may be needed for severe dislocations (Grade III or higher)
- Gradual return to activity as healing progresses
When to Seek Care
- Severe shoulder pain after a fall or injury
- Noticeable bump or deformity on the shoulder
- Difficulty lifting or moving the arm
- Persistent swelling or pain that doesn’t improve
- Loss of shoulder strength or stability