Sunburn

Sunburn causes

Sunburn happens when your skin gets too much UV (ultraviolet) light from the sun. Usually because of:

• Staying in the sun too long without protection
• Not using sunscreen
• Being in places where sunlight reflects like water, snow or sand
• Tanning beds (which also give off UV rays)

Sunburn risk factors

Some people burn faster or easier than others. Risk factors for getting a sunburn can include:

• Having pale or fair skin
• Being outside during peak sun hours (10 a.m. to 4 p.m.)
• Not wearing sunscreen or protective clothing
• Taking medications that make skin more sensitive (like antibiotics or acne meds)
• Spending time at high altitudes or near reflective surfaces

Sunburn symptoms

Sunburn may not show right away but gets worse a few hours later. Watch for signs like:

• Red or pink skin that feels warm or sore
• Swelling or tightness on your exposed skin
• Peeling after a few days
• Small blisters (in more serious burns)
• Fever, chills or dizziness in severe cases

Sunburn diagnosis

You usually don’t need a test to know it’s sunburn. A doctor can tell just by looking at your skin. They may ask how long you were outside and what symptoms you have. Tests are only needed if the burn looks infected or very serious.

Sunburn treatment

Most sunburns heal in a few days with home care. You can:

• Apply cool compresses or take cool baths
• Use aloe vera or gentle lotion to soothe the skin
• Drink water to stay hydrated
• Take over-the-counter pain medicine like ibuprofen
• Stay out of the sun until you feel better

When to seek care

See a doctor if:

• The burn is very painful or covers a large area
• You have blisters on your face, hands or genitals
• You feel sick with fever, chills or confusion
• Your skin looks infected (swollen, red streaks, pus)
• You get sunburns often