Key points about sprained thumb
- A sprained thumb happens when the ligaments in the thumb are stretched or torn.
- It’s commonly caused by falls or sports injuries.
- Symptoms include pain, swelling and difficulty gripping.
- Diagnosis usually requires a physical exam and imaging to rule out fractures.
- Most cases heal with rest and immobilization, but severe sprains may need surgery.
Common related conditions
Sprained thumb causes
- Falling onto an outstretched hand
- Forcefully bending the thumb backward or sideways
- Sports injuries (especially skiing, basketball, football and volleyball)
- Jamming or catching the thumb awkwardly
Sprained thumb risk factors
- Participating in contact or high-speed sports
- Skiing accidents (sprained thumbs are sometimes referred to as “skier’s thumb”)
- Weak hand muscles or poor coordination
- Previous ligament injuries in the thumb
Sprained thumb symptoms
- Pain at the base of the thumb or in the joint
- Swelling and bruising around the thumb
- Weak grip strength or trouble pinching
- Instability or looseness in the thumb joint
- Popping or snapping at the time of injury
Sprained thumb diagnosis
- Physical exam to test thumb mobility and ligament stability
- X-rays to rule out bone fractures
- MRI or ultrasound for suspected ligament tears or severe injuries
Sprained thumb treatment
- Rest, ice, compression and elevation (known as the RICE method)
- Wearing a thumb splint or brace to immobilize the joint
- Pain relievers like ibuprofen or acetaminophen
- Surgery in severe cases involving complete ligament tears
- Hand therapy or exercises during recovery
When to Seek Care
- Severe thumb pain or swelling after an injury
- Difficulty gripping or pinching
- If symptoms persist or worsen after a few days of home care
- Suspected ligament tear or visible deformity in the thumb