Key points about elbow instability
- Occurs when the elbow moves abnormally or feels unstable
- Often linked to ligament injuries or prior dislocations
- Can cause pain, weakness, or joint “giving out”
- Diagnosed with physical exam and imaging
- Treated with therapy or surgery, depending on severity
Common related conditions
Elbow instability causes
- Traumatic elbow dislocation
- Ligament sprains or tears
- Repetitive stress from throwing or lifting
- Joint hypermobility or lax ligaments
- Bone or cartilage damage from past injuries
Elbow instability risk factors
- Contact or throwing sports (e.g., football, baseball)
- History of elbow injuries
- Inherited joint laxity or hypermobility
- High-force activities or occupations
- Inadequate rehabilitation after previous trauma
Elbow instability symptoms
- Feeling of elbow slipping or popping out of place
- Pain with pushing, lifting, or throwing
- Clicking or locking with movement
- Decreased strength or control
- Tenderness and occasional swelling
Elbow instability diagnosis
- Clinical exam to test joint stability and alignment
- X-rays to check for bone displacement or damage
- MRI to evaluate ligament tears or soft tissue injuries
- CT scan in complex or chronic cases
Elbow instability treatment
- Rest and activity modification to prevent aggravation
- Bracing or taping to support the joint
- Physical therapy to improve muscle support and control
- Surgical ligament repair or reconstruction if instability persists
- Gradual return to activity after rehabilitation
When to seek care
- If the elbow feels unstable or “gives out” during motion
- If pain persists or worsens despite rest
- If you notice clicking, locking, or catching in the joint
- If weakness limits your ability to lift or perform daily tasks
- If instability interferes with work, sports, or sleep