Key points about prostate biopsies
- A prostate biopsy is a test to check for prostate cancer
- It involves removing small tissue samples from the prostate gland
- Usually recommended if PSA levels are high or the prostate feels abnormal
- The procedure is quick and often done in a doctor’s office
- Results help decide if more care or treatment is needed
Prostate biopsy causes
Doctors may recommend a prostate biopsy if:
- PSA levels in your blood are high
- A prostate exam finds something unusual
- Imaging shows a possible tumor or abnormal area
- You have a strong family history of prostate cancer
Prostate biopsy risk factors
You’re more likely to need a biopsy if you:
- Are older than 50
- Have high PSA levels
- Are Black or have African ancestry
- Have a family history of prostate cancer
- Have had suspicious prostate test results
Prostate biopsy symptoms
A biopsy is often done without symptoms, but signs that may lead to one include:
- Difficulty starting or stopping urination
- Weak urine stream or frequent nighttime urination
- Pain in the lower back, hips, or pelvis
- Blood in urine or semen
Prostate biopsy diagnosis
Doctors may recommend a biopsy based on:
- PSA blood test results
- A digital rectal exam (DRE)
- Imaging like prostate MRI
- Other health history and risk factors
Prostate biopsy treatment
The biopsy is done to find out if cancer is present. What happens after depends on the results:
- Normal results may just need future monitoring
- If cancer is found, treatment may include surgery, radiation, hormone therapy, or close observation
- The procedure is usually done in-office with numbing medicine, and recovery is quick
When to seek care
Call your doctor if you:
- Have a high PSA level or unusual prostate exam
- Experience urination problems or pelvic pain
- Have a family history of prostate cancer
- Want to talk about prostate cancer screening or biopsy options